In the Referendum of 2014 turnout was 75%, the lowest in Scotland;[72] in the Brexit referendum the city's voters, while joining the rest of Scotland in voting to remain part of the EU, again had a low turnout of 56.2%, although SNP MP Angus Robertson placed this in the historical context of traditional low turnout in Glasgow. It was at this castle Mary Queen of Scots supposedly spent the night before her defeat at the Battle of Langside in May 1568. [51] The sewerage infrastructure was improved significantly in 2017, with the completion of a tunnel 3.1mi (5.0km) long, which provides 2010^6impgal (90Ml) of storm water storage. WebThe best time to visit Glasgow is between March and August, when temperatures reach their peak and daylight hours are long. The downtown area has several major shopping centres and arcades fully stocked with global brands as well as more local offerings. Despite the crisis caused by the City of Glasgow Bank's collapse in 1878, growth continued and by the end of the 19th century it was one of the cities known as the "Second City of the Empire" and was producing more than half Britain's tonnage of shipping[27] and a quarter of all locomotives in the world. A popular Indian restaurant in Glasgow has closed after six years. The supporters are two salmon bearing rings, and the crest is a half length figure of Saint Mungo. Glasgow, Gaelic Glaschu, city, west-central Scotland. Glasgow prospered as a market centre because it was well situated between Highland and Lowland Scotland and also between Edinburghthe capital, 45 miles (72 km) eastand the west. [31] By the late 1980s, there had been a significant resurgence in Glasgow's economic fortunes. Follow this trail to admire these urban artworks which have enlivened walls and corners of the city centre. Go wild at Glasgow Botanic Gardens Mural Trail View on map Want to see the citys best street art? [112], From the 1980s onwards, the Merchant City has been rejuvenated with luxury city centre flats and warehouse conversions. In the early 2000s the Dams to Darnley Country Park was designated, although half of the park is in East Renfrewshire. All are located to the west of the city, in neighbouring Renfrewshire. successes include The Fratellis, Chvrches, Rustie, Vukovi, Glasvegas and Twin Atlantic. Districts of Lambhill, Millerston, Aikenhead, Mansewood, Kennishead, Carntyne, Cardonald, Robroyston. Glasgow Central is the terminus of the 642km (399mi) long West Coast Main Line[193] from London Euston, as well as TransPennine Express services from Manchester and CrossCountry services from Birmingham, Bristol, Plymouth and various other destinations in England. "Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland, and the third largest in the United Kingdom. During the mid-20th century high-rise redevelopment schemes replaced Glasgows notorious slum tenement areas (particularly the Gorbals). Join online now This allows for minor ailments and injuries to be attended to, generally without the attendance of an emergency ambulance. Scottish editions of Trinity Mirror and News International titles are printed in the city. Glasgow is home to a variety of theatres including the King's Theatre, the Theatre Royal and the Citizens Theatre and is home to many museums and art galleries, the largest and most famous being the Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, the Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery, the Gallery of Modern Art (GoMA) and the Burrell Collection. The South Side is also home to the large Pollok Country Park, which was awarded the accolade of Europe's Best Park 2008. The first element glas, meaning "grey-green, grey-blue" both in Brittonic, Scottish Gaelic and modern day Welsh and the second *c, "hollow" (c.f. [131] The large suburb of Pollokshields comprises both a quiet western part with undulating tree-lined boulevards lined with expensive villas, and a busier eastern part with a high-density grid of tenements and small shops. Many roads lead to Fort Peck Lake through the Charles M. Russell It is home to the Glasgow Barrowland market, popularly known as "The Barras",[123] Barrowland Ballroom, Glasgow Green, and Celtic Park, home of Celtic FC. Glasgow has been named as the rainiest city of the UK, having an average of 170 days of rain a year.[76][77]. Industrial decline in Glasgow and the development of the peripheral new towns of East Kilbride and Cumbernauld reduced the inner citys population and congestion. The opening of the Monkland Canal and basin linking to the Forth and Clyde Canal at Port Dundas in 1795, facilitated access to the extensive iron-ore and coal mines in Lanarkshire. The Arlington inspired other Swimming Clubs and the Western Baths, which opened in 1876, is also still in existence in nearby Hillhead. Maryhill consists of well maintained traditional sandstone tenements. As a result of this, Glasgow entered a lengthy period of relative economic decline and rapid de-industrialisation, leading to high unemployment, urban decay, population decline, welfare dependency and poor health for the city's inhabitants. [178], Glasgow has the largest economy in Scotland[8] and is at the hub of the metropolitan area of West Central Scotland. [206] Many degenerated into infamous slums, such as the Gorbals. Many of the city's cultural sites were celebrated in 1990 when Glasgow was designated European Capital of Culture. [231] Other local teams include Glasgow Girls and the women's sections of the men's clubs: Celtic and Rangers play in the top division. [207] Subsequent urban renewal initiatives, such as those motivated by the Bruce Report, entailed the comprehensive demolition of slum tenement areas, the development of new towns on the periphery of the city, and the construction of tower blocks. WebApex City of Glasgow Hotel. Glasgow itself was reputed to have been founded by the Christian missionary Saint Mungo in the 6th century. In addition, the boundaries of the city were changed twice during the late-twentieth century, making direct comparisons difficult. Towards the end of the twentieth century, it became a centre of the struggle against the poll tax; which was introduced in Scotland a whole year before the rest of the United Kingdom and also served as the main base of the Scottish Socialist Party, another left-wing political party in Scotland. [204] These were built to replace the decaying inner-city tenement buildings originally built for workers who migrated from the surrounding countryside, the Highlands, and the rest of the United Kingdom, particularly Ireland, to feed the local demand for labour. Much of the city's student population is based in the West End, adding to its cultural vibrancy. Since the advent of containerisation, most other facilities, such as Hunterston Terminal, are located in the deep waters of the Firth of Clyde, which together handle some 7.5million tonnes of cargo each year. It is situated on the River Clyde in the country's West Central Lowlands. [176], Glasgow's impressive historical and modern architectural traditions were celebrated in 1999 when the city was designated UK City of Architecture and Design,[177] winning the accolade over Liverpool and Edinburgh. The Glasgow Necropolis Garden Cemetery was created by the Merchants House on a hill above the cathedral in 1831. Very little of medieval Glasgow remains; the two main landmarks from this period being the 15th-century Provand's Lordship and 13th-century St. Mungo's Cathedral, although the original medieval street plan (along with many of the street names) on the eastern side of the city centre has largely survived intact. This is the commercial and part-residential district of the Merchant City, a name coined by the historian Charles Oakley in the 1960s. Shopping WebGlasgow City Centre Walking Tour 327 Walking Tours from $16.78 per adult Scottish Whisky Distillery Tour 9 Full-day Tours from $182.73 per adult Isle of Skye, The Highlands and Loch Ness - 3 Day Tour from Glasgow 34 Bus Tours from $216.08 per adult Guided Celtic Park Stadium Tour 907 Sporting Events from $21.13 per adult Cultural Tours See all Once a school, it has been converted into offices. There are a number of West of Scotland Football League clubs within the city as well, such as Pollok, Maryhill, Benburb, Ashfield, Glasgow Perthshire F.C., Glasgow United (formerly Shettleston Juniors), and Petershill, plus numerous amateur teams.[230]. The Romans later built outposts in the area and, to protect Roman Britannia from the Brittonic speaking (Celtic) Caledonians, constructed the Antonine Wall. Shows included The Riverside Show, Scottish Kitchen, City Safari, Football Show and Live at Five. Information for international students Explore our global connections: Glasgow International Information for EU students and applicants Erasmus Mundus joint master degrees Scholarships and funding Like many cities in the UK, Glasgow witnessed the construction of high-rise housing in tower blocks in the 1960s, along with large overspill estates on the periphery of the city, in areas like Pollok, Nitshill, Castlemilk, Easterhouse, Milton and Drumchapel. Please select which sections you would like to print: Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The fortunes of the Conservative Party continued to decline into the twenty-first century, winning only one of the 79 councillors on Glasgow City Council in 2012, despite having been the controlling party (as the Progressives) from 1969 to 1972 when Sir Donald Liddle was the last non-Labour Lord Provost. Temperature extremes have ranged from 19.9C (4F), at Abbotsinch in December 1995 to[79] [38] A Glasgow Economic Audit report published in 2007 stated that the gap between prosperous and deprived areas of the city is widening. Glasgows Hampden Park is the home ground of Scotlands national football (soccer) team. WebBy Birdsong2011. [248], Glasgow Green and the Gorbals are home to a number of rowing clubs, some with open membership the rest belonging to universities or schools. Govan has a legacy as an engineering and shipbuilding centre of international repute and is home to one of two BAE Systems Surface Ships shipyards on the River Clyde and the precision engineering firm, Thales Optronics. This reflects maritime skills over many decades and the training and education of deck officers and marine engineers from around the world at the City of Glasgow College, Nautical Campus, from which graduate around one third of all such graduates in the United Kingdom. On weekend evenings, when the statutory medical services are under most pressure, a charitable team of medical volunteers from Glasgow Street Aid patrol the city centre offering welfare and medical assistance, as well as onward medical referrals to those requiring it. During early autumn there can be some settled periods of weather and it can feel pleasant with mild temperatures and some sunny days. Textiles were exported, sugar from the West Indies was processed, and Glasgows fortunes revived until supplies of raw cotton were disrupted during the American Civil War (186165). [56][57], Although Glasgow Corporation had been a pioneer in the municipal socialist movement from the late-nineteenth century, since the Representation of the People Act 1918, Glasgow increasingly supported left-wing ideas and politics at a national level. The settlement probably had an earlier Cumbric name, Cathures; the modern name appears for the first time in the Gaelic period (1116), as Glasgu. [135] The southside also directly borders Rouken Glen Park in neighbouring Giffnock. Since 2000 Glasgow has experienced few very cold, snowy and harsh winters where temperatures have fallen much below freezing. Today part of the Glasgow Works continues in use as a railway maintenance facility, all that is left of the industry in Springburn. Prior to this, Glasgow had two other professional teams: Clyde (now playing in Hamilton) and Third Lanark (liquidated in 1967), plus four others active in the league in the 19th century: Thistle, Cowlairs, Northern and Linthouse. [182] Among the historic vessels constructed there were the famed tea clipper Cutty Sark, the Royal Navy battlecruiser HMSHood, and the transatlantic luxury liners Aquitania, RMSQueen Mary, RMSQueen Elizabeth, and RMSQueen Elizabeth II. Inhabitants of the city are referred to as Glaswegians. Adjacent to the Kelvin Hall was the Museum of Transport, which reopened in 2010 after moving to a new location on a former dockland site at Glasgow Harbour where the River Kelvin flows into the Clyde. The area is popular with tourists and students. "Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland, and the third largest in the United Kingdom. [89], In the 1960s and 1970s, many Asians also settled in Glasgow, mainly in the Pollokshields area. Book tickets and tours in Glasgow Glasgow nightlife and entertainment Glasgow is a great place for contemporary music, with loads of new bands emerging every year, many of them making the big time, and the citys clubs are excellent, with a range of places for every dance taste as well as a small but thriving gay scene. (1,022 reviews) [139] The most extreme instances have however seen temperatures around 12C (10F) in the area. [236], South of Glasgow, in East Renfrewshire, in the suburb of Giffnock, is based another of Glasgow area's most prominent clubs Glasgow Hutchesons Aloysians RFC (GHA). [241] Since October 2010 a team called the Glasgow Clan based in the nearby Braehead Arena in Renfrewshire has played in the professional Elite Ice Hockey League alongside two other Scottish teams, the Fife Flyers and the Dundee Stars. The towns of Cambuslang and Rutherglen were included in the City of Glasgow district from 1975 to 1996, but are now in the South Lanarkshire council area.[132][133][134]. Glasgow also has a huge retail sector, is a centre of film and television production, and is an important global financial and business services hub. [60], Glasgow is represented in both the House of Commons in London, and the Scottish Parliament in Holyrood, Edinburgh. [21] Glasgow's substantial fortunes came from international trade, manufacturing and invention, starting in the 17th century with sugar, followed by tobacco, and then cotton and linen, products of the Atlantic triangular slave trade.[22][23]. [192] Glasgow forms the western part of the Silicon Glen high tech sector of Scotland with consumer electronics companies such as RHA Technologies headquartered. Glasgow Cross encompasses the Tolbooth Steeple, all that remains of the original Glasgow Tolbooth, which was demolished in 1921. WebFeaturing: Pollok House, The Tenement House, The Tearoom at The Botanics, &. The Church of Scotland and the Roman Catholic Church are the two largest Christian denominations in the city. All trains running within Scotland, including the local Glasgow trains, are operated by ScotRail, which is owned by the Scottish Government. To the south and west are the shopping precincts of Argyle Street, Sauchiehall Street and Buchanan Street, the last featuring more upmarket retailers and winner of the Academy of Urbanism "Great Street Award" 2008. The city is also rich in artists and creators which makes for a thriving and exciting independent shopping scene. Long dry spells of warm weather are generally quite scarce. [149] Glasgow is also the "most mentioned city in the UK" in song titles, outside London according, to a chart produced by PRS for music, with 119, ahead of closest rivals Edinburgh who received 95 mentions[150]. Follow this walking trail, or use its interactive map to find your favourite murals. The name Glasgow is Brittonic in origin. [52] Since 2002, clean water provision and sewerage have been the responsibility of Scottish Water.[53]. Since Glasgow is covered and operates under two separate central governments, the devolved Scottish Parliament and UK Government, they determine various matters that Glasgow City Council is not responsible for. The junior team, Maryhill F.C. [151] More recent[when?] Shipping, banking, insurance and professional services expanded at the same time. [166], Glasgow has seven synagogues, including the Romanesque-revival Garnethill Synagogue in the city centre. places. WebBy Birdsong2011. By dennissU1613AA. The policy of tenement demolition is now considered to have been short-sighted, wasteful and largely unsuccessful. Glasgow's contemporary dance music scene has been spearheaded by Slam, and their record label Soma Quality Recordings,[152] with their Pressure club nights attracting DJs and clubbers from around the world, which was previously held at The Arches but following that venue's closure due to claims of unsafe level of drug use has moved to Sub Club. [49] Treated sludge was dumped at sea, and Glasgow Corporation owned six sludge ships between 1904 and 1998,[50] when the EU Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive ended the practice. Glasgow has its own "Poet Laureate", a post created in 1999 for Edwin Morgan[141] and occupied by Liz Lochhead from 2005[142] until 2011, when she stood down to take up the position of Scots Makar. A popular Indian restaurant in Glasgow has closed after six years. Web01 City Centre Mural Trail. 8 more. Source 2: KNMI/Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute, Anderson to James Street/West Nile Street to Camlachie, Burghs of Anderston and Calton/Barony of Gorbals, Districts of Keppochhill, Alexandra Parade and the new Glasgow University grounds. Glasgow is a major centre of higher and academic research, with the following universities and colleges within 10mi (16km) of the city centre: In 2011 Glasgow had 53,470 full-time students aged 1874 resident in the city during term time, more than any other city in Scotland and the fifth-highest number in the United Kingdom outside London. [43] This led to the development of the Glasgow Corporation Water Works, with a project to raise the level of Loch Katrine and to convey clean water by gravity along a 26mi (42km) aqueduct to a holding reservoir at Milngavie, and then by pipes into the city. Districts of Mount Florida, Bellahouston Park and Craigton. Welsh glas-cau),[16] giving a meaning of "green-hollow". The city is also well known in the sporting world for football, particularly the Old Firm rivalry between Celtic and Rangers. The city centre is based on a grid system of streets on the north bank of the River Clyde. WebGlasgow grew from a small rural settlement on the River Clyde to become the largest seaport in Scotland, and tenth largest by tonnage in Britain. The construction of Charlotte Street was financed by David Dale, whose former scale can be gauged by the one remaining house, now run by the National Trust for Scotland. The East End extends from Glasgow Cross in the City Centre to the boundary with North and South Lanarkshire. The present cathedral, dedicated to St. Mungo and begun in the 12th century, was built on the site of the chapel. From the 18th century onwards, the city also grew as one of Britain's main hubs of transatlantic trade with North America and the West Indies. In 1450, John Stewart, the first Lord Provost of Glasgow, left an endowment so that a "St Mungo's Bell" could be made and tolled throughout the city so that the citizens would pray for his soul. The current version (1996) has a gold mural crown between the shield and the crest. Key banking sector companies have also moved some of their services to commercial property in Glasgow Resolution, JPMorgan Chase, Barclays Wealth, Tesco Personal Finance, Morgan Stanley, Lloyds Banking Group, Clydesdale Bank, BNP Paribas, HSBC, Santander and the Royal Bank of Scotland. $80. [163], The Sikh community is served by four Gurdwaras. There are many areas containing a high concentration of sandstone tenements like Shawlands, which is considered the "Heart of the Southside", with other examples being Battlefield, Govanhill and Mount Florida. 8 more. Glasgow is Scotlands largest city, and it forms an independent council area that lies entirely within the historic county of Lanarkshire. WebGlasgow city centre is one of the best shopping destinations in the UK, outside of London's West End, and when it comes to nightlife, Glasgow knows what it's doing. This is Glasgow's "Downton Abbey" and depicts life in the victorian times of Sir John Stirling Maxwell and his family. Scotlands first public museum, the Hunterian (established in 1807), is housed on the grounds of the University of Glasgow. Glasgow grew over the following centuries. Glasgow was the "Second City of the British Empire" for much of the Victorian and Edwardian eras.[11][12][13][14]. The area was the site of the Athletes' Village for the 2014 Commonwealth Games, located adjacent to the new indoor sports arena. Let Glasgow Flourish by the preaching of Your word, and the praising of Your name. [269], This article is about the city in Scotland. The city was the European Capital of Culture in 1990 and is notable for its architecture, culture, media, music scene, sports clubs and transport connections. Since the 2016 Scottish Parliament election, Glasgow is represented at Holyrood by By 1911, the city was no longer gaining population by migration. See standout creations by acclaimed street artists like Ali Wyllie, Art Pistol and Ejek, including the Spaceman on New Wynd by Wyllie and Recoat, alongside the stunningly The South Side also includes many public parks, including Linn Park, Queen's Park, and Bellahouston Park and several golf clubs, including the championship course at Haggs Castle. Of academic libraries, Glasgow University Library started in the 15th century and is one of the oldest and largest libraries in Europe, with unique and distinctive collections of international status.[140]. The citys BioCorridor brings the public sector, business, and academia together in the research, development, and production of pharmaceuticals, bioinformatics, and medical technology. This club also acted as a neutral venue for a One Day International match between India and Pakistan in 2007, but due to bad weather it was called off. He wears a bishop's mitre and liturgical vestments and has his hand raised in "the act of benediction". Jan 22 - Jan 23. These number 30,000 Pakistanis, 15,000 Indians and 3,000 Bangladeshis as well as Chinese people, many of whom settled in the Garnethill area of the city. The MOBO Awards were held at the SECC on 30 September 2009, making Glasgow the first out-of-London city to host the event since its launch in 1995. Glasgow's population had surpassed that of Edinburgh by 1821. 1,039. [99], In 2005, Glasgow had the lowest life expectancy of any UK city at 72.9 years. The Riverside Museum, on the banks of the Clyde, explores the history of transportation. 32% of the population follow the Protestant Church of Scotland whilst 29% following the Roman Catholic Church, according to the 2001 census (Christians overall form 65%). 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